Historia del condón y otros métodos anticonceptivos / History of condoms and other contraceptive methods

El uso del condón es un método eficaz para prevenir enfermedades venéreas y un embarazo no deseado. Años atrás se puede apreciar cómo se debate dónde y cómo los llamados dispositivos intrauterinos fueron utilizados por primera vez. La siguiente investigación se realizó con el objetivo de explicar el surgimiento y la evolución del condón y otros métodos anticonceptivos, para ello se utilizaron un total de 15 referencias bibliográficas. Es indudable que la anticoncepción tiene que figurar como elemento básico de la atención en medicina, el conocimiento de sus orígenes, historia y evolución es fundamental. (AU)

The use of the condom is an effective method to prevent venereal diseases and an unwanted pregnancy. Years ago you can see how it is discussed where and how the so-called intrauterine devices were used for the first time. The following investigation was carried out with the objective of explaining the emergence and evolution of the condom and other contraceptive methods, for which a total of 15 bibliographical references were used. Undoubtedly, contraception must figure as a basic element of medical care, knowledge of its origins, history and evolution is fundamental. (AU)

Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida: desarrollo histórico e importancia del conocimiento para su prevención / Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: historical development and importance of knowledge for its prevention

INTRODUCCIÓN: el Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida constituye un importante problema de Salud Pública a nivel mundial. Cuba no escapa a esta realidad y si bien puede afectar a cualquier persona sin diferencia de edad, sexo, condición económica o social, los adolescentes y la juventud en general, producto del inicio precoz de las relaciones sexuales, el cambio frecuente de pareja y en muchas ocasiones sin conocimientos sobre las Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual y su modo de prevención, pueden ser un blanco fácil para su contagio. OBJETIVO: obtención de la información sobre el desarrollo histórico de la enfermedad, su incidencia y tentativas de prevención y curación. MÉTODOS: revisión bibliográfica. RESULTADOS: se brindan datos que muestran la incidencia de la enfermedad en diferentes partes del mundo, características de su transmisión, así como las medidas propuestas en su prevención y tratamiento. CONCLUSIONES: aunque en nuestro entorno se está frenando la progresión al estadio SIDA, gracias a los avances farmacológicos, el número de infecciones por VIH apenas desciende, y se abren nuevos retos como la pérdida de la percepción de riesgo o la defensa de los derechos de las personas afectadas.

INTRODUCTION: acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is a major public health problem worldwide. Cuba does not escape this reality and although it can affect anyone regardless of age, gender, economic or social condition, adolescents and youth in general can be an easy target for infection due to the early onset of sexual intercourse, frequent change of partners and often without knowledge about sexually transmitted infections and their prevention mode. OBJECTIVE: obtain information on the historical development of this disease, its incidence and attempted prevention and cure. METHODS: literature review. RESULTS: data showing the incidence of this disease in different parts of the world, their transmission characteristics and the measures proposed in prevention and treatment are provided. CONCLUSIONS: although the progression to AIDS stage is slowing our environment, thanks to pharmacological advances, the number of HIV infections barely drops, and new challenges appear such as risk perception loss or the defense of the rights of those affected.

A Critical Look on Condoms

Background: To protect the public health; the practice ofsafer sex; promoted in a sex-positive way; is necessary. It includes saying no to unwanted sex; being faithful; havingfewer partners; having sex that does not includeintercourse; and using condoms. This is not just to preventHIV and Sexually transmitted infections (STIs); but also to prevent unwanted pregnancy; STI-related infertility and negative pregnancy outcomes; and cervical cancer- andmost importantly to protect children and for partners to protect each other. Couples in stable relationships are now changing their sexual behavior due to increasing awareness on HIV and other STIs. While some are abstaining from premarital sex; others are being faithful to their partners. However; large numbers of people are yet to adopt safer sexual behavior through correct condom use. Since the beginning of the AIDS epidemics; condom distribution has greatly increased. Methodology: Literature review on the topic was done usiong Pubmed. Relevant journals and topics were also reviewed. Textbooks on relevant topics were also searched. Results The consistent use of male latex condoms significantly reduces the risk of HIV infection in men and women.Consistent use of male latex condoms reduces the risk of gonorrhea in men. Laboratory studies have proved that latex condom is impermeable to the infectious agents in genitalsecretions; including the smallest viruses. Male condoms may be less effective in protecting against STIs that are transmitted by skin-to-skin contact; if that area is not covered by the condom Conclusion: Condoms are currently the only available means of preventing the sexual transmission of HIV and some other STIs. Condoms exist for both men and women

Uso da camisinha por adolescentes e jovens: avaliação da sequência dos procedimentos / Condom use for adolescents and young: evaluation of the sequence of the procedures

Trata-se de um estudo transversal do tipo descritivo. Teve por objetivos: elaborar um instrumento come etapas do uso da camisinha e identificar na população estudada o procedimento utilizado. A população desta pesquisa constituiu-se de 50 adolescentes e jovens de ambos os sexos (68 por cento feminino e 32 por cento masculino), na faixa etária de 12 a 24 anos de idade, que frequentam instituições de ensino das zonas Sul e Leste da cidade de São Paulo. Para este fim foi elaborado um jogo, que foi aplicado durante uma entrevista. Como principal resultado destacamos que somente 10 por cento da população acertou a sequência e justificativa da colocação correta da camisinha.